A recent study published in Human Reproduction suggests that girls who consume healthier diets may experience their first menstrual periods later than those with less healthy eating habits, irrespective of height or body mass index (BMI). Historically, factors like height and BMI have been associated with the timing of menarche, the first menstrual period, but this research focusses specifically on dietary influences.
Typically, puberty begins for girls between ages 8 and 13, with menarche occurring about two years after breast development. The median age for first periods has declined over time, now averaging 11.9 years, down from 12.1 in 1995. Early menarche is linked to various health issues, including depression, substance abuse, and increased risks of chronic illnesses like breast cancer and heart disease later on.
The study analyzed health records from over 7,500 children, using questionnaires to assess dietary habits based on the nutritional quality and inflammation potential of the foods consumed. Results showed that girls with healthier diets were more likely to start their periods slightly later, while those eating more inflammatory foods tended to begin menstruating earlier.
Despite its observational nature, the findings suggest a correlation between diet and menarche age, likely influenced by how diet impacts sex hormones in the body. Factors like genetics, environmental toxins, and socioeconomic status also play roles in pubertal timing.
Experts recommend a balanced family diet that emphasizes whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and limits processed foods. This transition provides a critical opportunity to foster healthier habits during puberty, encouraging positive changes in nutrition and lifestyle for long-term health.
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